Advanced extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare skin cancer with no standard treatment. Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) agents are indicated for the treatment of EMPD with high tumor mutation burden (TMB) in Japan, but neither drug is necessarily effective. This report describes an 83-year-old male patient who presented with a macerated, reddish, 3-cm tumor on the umbilicus. Three years later, he developed metastasis of lymph nodes in the left inguinal region. He was diagnosed with EMPD. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) revealed metastases to the lung and the bone. S-1 plus docetaxel therapy was begun, but the metastatic lesions were increased. A gene panel testing indicated a high TMB, so pembrolizumab was begun. After the second administration, Grade 3 acute kidney injury developed due to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The treatment was discontinued after two administrations due to immune-related adverse events. All the metastases disappeared in seven months after the start of pembrolizumab administration. As far as we know, the present patient is the first case of advanced EMPD with a complete response to ICI. The efficacy of ICIs against EMPD awaits future investigation enrolling a larger patient cohort.
Two cases of ectopic extramammary Paget’s disease
Extramammary Paget’s disease (EMPD) is a rare adenocarcinoma that primarily affects areas of the skin with a high presence of apocrine glands. In contrast, ectopic extramammary Paget’s disease (eEMPD) is a rarer form of EMPD that appears on areas of the skin that typically lack the presence of apocrine glands. In their 2019 review, Scarbrough et al reported a total of 45 cases of eEMPD, with only 4 cases on the face and 6 cases on the extremities. Herein, we present 2 novel cases of eEMPD—one on the posterior arm and another on the face that was initially diagnosed as melanoma in situ.